Spiranthes

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Spiranthes spiralis in its habitat
Habit:  ?
Height: ⇕  ?
Width: ⇔
Lifespan: ⌛
Origin: ✈  ?
Poisonous: ☠
Exposure: ☼  ?
Water: ◍  ?
Features: ✓
Hardiness: ☃
Bloom: ❀
USDA Zones:  ?
Sunset Zones:
[[{{{domain}}}]] > [[{{{superregnum}}}]] > Plantae > [[{{{subregnum}}}]] > [[{{{superdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{superphylum}}}]] > Magnoliophyta > [[{{{phylum}}}]] > [[{{{subdivisio}}}]] > [[{{{subphylum}}}]] > [[{{{infraphylum}}}]] > [[{{{microphylum}}}]] > [[{{{nanophylum}}}]] > [[{{{superclassis}}}]] > Liliopsida > [[{{{subclassis}}}]] > [[{{{infraclassis}}}]] > [[{{{superordo}}}]] > Asparagales > [[{{{subordo}}}]] > [[{{{infraordo}}}]] > [[{{{superfamilia}}}]] > Orchidaceae > Orchidoideae > [[{{{supertribus}}}]] > Cranichideae > Spiranthinae > Spiranthes {{{subgenus}}} {{{sectio}}} {{{series}}} {{{species}}} {{{subspecies}}} var. {{{cultivar}}}



Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture

Spiranthes (name Greek, referring to the twisted spikes). Orchidaceae. Ladies' Tresses. Terrestrial herbs, few of which have any horticultural value; some of the hardy species are advertised by dealers in native plants and by collectors.

Erect herbs with fleshy or tuberous roots: lvs. mostly at the base or on the lower part of the st.: raceme terminal, twisted; fls. spurless, small or medium-sized: sepals free or more or less united at the top, or united with the petals into a helmet; labellum sessile or clawed, concave, embracing the column and spreading into a crisped, sometimes lobed or toothed blade; pollinia 2, powdery.—Some 200 species, distributed in all parts of the world except the cold regions, but particularly abundant in the tropics of S. Amer.

S. colorata, N.E. Br. (Neottia speciosa, Jacq.)- Stenorrhynchus. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

From Wikipediawp:

  • Spiranthes aestivalis (Poir.) Rich. (1817) : Summer-flowering [[Spiranthes (Western & Central Europe to NW. Africa)
  • Spiranthes angustilabris J.J.Sm. (1913) (New Guinea)
  • Spiranthes brevilabris Lindl. (1840) : Texas Ladies'-tresses (SE. U.S.A. to East Texas)
    • Spiranthes brevilabris var. brevilabris
    • Spiranthes brevilabris var. floridana (Wherry) Luer (1972).
  • Spiranthes casei Catling & Cruise (1974 publ. 1975) : Case's ladies'-tresses (Eastern Canada to NE. U.S.A.)
    • Spiranthes casei var. casei
    • Spiranthes casei var. novaescotiae Catling (1981) (Nova Scotia)
  • Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. (1817) : Nodding Ladies'-tresses (Eastern Canada to Central & Eastern U.S.A.)
  • Spiranthes delitescens Sheviak (1990) : Reclusive Ladies'-tresses (Arizona)
  • Spiranthes diluvialis Sheviak (1984) : Ute's Ladies'-tresses (NW. U.S.A. to Nebraska)
  • Spiranthes eatonii Ames ex P.M.Br. (1999) : Eaton's Ladies'-tresses (SE. U.S.A. to E. Texas)
  • Spiranthes graminea Lindl. in G.Bentham (1840) : Canelo Ladies'-tresses (Arizona, Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua)
  • Spiranthes hongkongensis S.Y.Hu & Barretto (1976)(Hong Kong)
  • Spiranthes infernalis Sheviak (1989): Ash Meadows Ladies'-tresses (Nevada)
  • Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. (1833) : Northern Slender Ladies'-tresses (C. & E. Canada to C. & E. U.S.A)
    • Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis : Slender Ladies'-tresses (Bigelow) Luer (1975) (S. Ontario to C. & E. U.S.A.)
    • Spiranthes lacera var. lacera
  • Spiranthes laciniata (Small) Ames (1905): Lace-lipped Ladies'-tresses (New Jersey to E. Texas)
  • Spiranthes longilabris Lindl. (1840) : Giant-spiral Ladies'-tresses (SE. U.S.A. to E. Texas)
  • Spiranthes lucida (H.H.Eaton) Ames (1908) : Shining Ladies'-tresses (SE. Canada, NC. & E. U.S.A.)
  • Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak (1973) : Great Plains Ladies'-tresses (S. Canada to C. & EC. U.S.A.)
  • Spiranthes nebulorum Catling & V.R.Catling (1988) (Mexico, Guatemala)
  • Spiranthes ochroleuca (Rydb.) Rydb. (1932) : Yellow Nodding Ladies'-tresses (SE. Canada to E. U.S.A.)
  • Spiranthes odorata (Nutt.) Lindl. (1840) : Fragrant Ladies'-tresses, Marsh Ladies'-tresses (SE. U.S.A. to SE. Oklahoma)
  • Spiranthes ovalis Lindl. (1840) : October ladies'-tresses (Ontario to EC. & SE. U.S.A.)
    • Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata Catling (1983).
    • Spiranthes ovalis var. ovalis
  • Spiranthes parksii Correll (1947): Navasota Ladies'-tresses (Texas)
  • Spiranthes porrifolia Lindl. (1840) : Leek-leaved Ladies'-tresses, Creamy ladies'-tresses (W. USA)
  • Spiranthes praecox (Walter) S.Watson in A.Gray (1890) : Early-blooming [[Spiranthes, Green-vein ladies'-tresses (New Jersey to E. Texas)
  • Spiranthes pusilla (Blume) Miq. (1859) (Sumatra)
  • Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham. (1828) : Hooded Ladies'-tresses (Great Britain, Ireland, Subarctic America to N. & WC. U.S.A)
  • Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames (1908) : Chinese [[Spiranthes (E. European Russia to Pacific, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Philippines, Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, New Guinea, Samoa, Vanuatu)
    • Spiranthes sinensis f. autumnus Tsukaya (2005) (Japan)
  • Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall. (1827) : Spiraled [[Spiranthes (Europe, Mediterranean to W. Himalaya)
  • Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay & H.R.Sweet in R.A.Howard (1974): Southern ladies'-tresses (Florida, Caribbean, Mexico, Central America)
  • Spiranthes tuberosa Raf. (1833) : Little Ladies'-tresses (E. & EC. U.S.A)
  • Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & A.Gray (1845): Spring Ladies'-tresses (Quebec, E. & EC. U.S.A, Mexico, Guatemala, Bahamas)

Natural hybrids

Since the species do not readily cross with each other, hybrids are rare in this genus.

  • Spiranthes × intermedia Ames (1903) (SE. Canada to NE. U.S.A.)
  • Spiranthes × itchetuckneensis P.M.Br. (1999) (Florida)
  • Spiranthes × simpsonii Catling & Sheviak (1993) (SE. Canada to NC. U.S.A)

Dr. Charles Sheviak, a taxonomist with the New York State Museum, has suggested that Spiranthes delitescens is an amphiploid hybrid between two species with different chromosome numbers, possibly Spiranthes vernalis and Spiranthes porrifolia Sheviak (1990) (Arizona).

Gallery

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  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

  • Spiranthes cernua

References

External links

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